HOA Rules Buyers Should Understand Before Purchasing a Home
When buying a home in a community governed by a Homeowners Association (HOA), you’re not just purchasing property — you’re buying into a shared lifestyle. HOAs exist to maintain property values and neighborhood standards, but they come with rules and fees that all homeowners must follow. Before signing on the dotted line, here are the key HOA rules every buyer should understand.
1. Monthly or Annual Dues
HOAs collect regular fees to maintain common areas, amenities, and sometimes exterior home maintenance. These dues can range from under $100 to several hundred dollars per month depending on the community. Make sure the dues fit comfortably within your budget and ask if there are any upcoming increases.
2. Use of Property and Common Areas
HOAs often have rules about how you can use your home and shared spaces. For example:
Are short-term rentals like Airbnb allowed?
Are there noise restrictions or quiet hours?
Can you use the clubhouse or pool for private events?
Review the governing documents so you understand what is (and isn't) permitted.
3. Exterior Appearance and Modifications
One of the most common HOA restrictions involves your home’s exterior. Many associations regulate:
Paint colors
Landscaping choices
Fencing
Roof materials
Holiday decorations
Before making any modifications, homeowners usually must submit plans for approval.
4. Parking Rules
HOAs may have specific parking policies, such as:
No street parking overnight
No commercial vehicles or RVs in driveways
Assigned spaces for guests
Violating these rules could lead to fines or towing.
5. Pet Policies
Some HOAs restrict the type, size, or number of pets allowed. Others may prohibit certain breeds or have rules about leashing and waste cleanup. If you're a pet owner, make sure your furry friends will be welcome.
6. Maintenance Responsibilities
Understand what the HOA maintains versus what falls on you. In some communities, the HOA takes care of exterior painting, roofing, and lawn care. In others, those are the homeowner’s responsibility. Clarify this upfront to avoid costly surprises.
7. Rules Enforcement and Penalties
HOAs have the power to issue fines, place liens, or even foreclose on a property for rule violations or unpaid dues. Familiarize yourself with:
How the HOA handles violations
The appeals process
How penalties are assessed
A proactive, fair HOA is a good sign — an overzealous or inconsistent one could mean trouble.
8. Special Assessments
Sometimes the regular dues aren’t enough to cover major repairs or projects, like repaving roads or fixing a clubhouse roof. When this happens, HOAs may issue special assessments, requiring homeowners to pay a one-time fee. Ask if any are planned and review the HOA’s financial health.
9. Board Structure and Community Involvement
HOAs are typically governed by a board of elected residents. Consider:
How active and transparent the board is
Whether you can attend meetings or run for a position
How disputes are resolved
A strong, communicative board fosters a well-run community.
Final Thoughts
Buying a home in an HOA-governed community can offer benefits like well-maintained amenities and consistent property values. But those perks come with responsibilities. Before buying, request a copy of the Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions (CC&Rs) and HOA bylaws, and review them carefully. Understanding the rules now will help you avoid future frustrations — and ensure your new neighborhood feels like home.
